Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan borders with Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan and Iran on land, as well as with Russia and Azerbaijan in the Caspian sea. It has no access to the world ocean. almost 80% of the land territory is covered with Kara-Kum sands, one of the largest deserts in the world. Kopetdag Mountains, lying in the south of the country, are the natural border between Turkmenistan and Iran. Total square of Turkmenistan 491,2 square km. It stretches for 1100 km from west to east- from the Caspian Sea to the Amu Darya River, and for 650 km from the Uzbek border in the north to the Iranian border in the south.
Turkmenistan is rich in mineral resources. It possesses the world’s fourth- largest reserves of natural gas and substantial oil resources. Turkmenistan is also a major cotton producer, and has a growing textile industry.
Geography
Turkmenistan
Official name: Turkmenistan
Location: Turkmenistan is located in the Central Asia; Ashgabat is the capital of the country
There are five administrative subdivisions, called velayat, or region, each with its own regional capital:
- Ahal Velayat (Anau)
- Balkan Velayat (Balkanabad)
- Mary Velayat (Mary)
- Dashoguz Velayat (Dashoguz)
- Lebap Velayat (Turkmenabad)
Useful Informations
Climate
The climate is sharply continental with little rainfall during summer. Summer is dry. Precipitation is low - about 240 mm a year. With over 250 days of sunshine, Turkmenistan is often called the country of eternal sunshine. Winter is mild with average temperatures below freezing for only a few days in January and February. Most rainfall occurs in March and April. Spring (April-June) and autumn (August-October) are the best seasons to visit Turkmenistan.
Currency
Turkmenistan national currency is Turkmen manat. It came into monetary circulation on the 1st November, 1993. One manat is divided into100 tenge. in 2009, there was held denomination of the national currency, as a result of which, today is issued banknotes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 manat. coins in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50
Public holidays in Turkmenistan
December 31 – January 1, New Year | March 8, International Women's Day | March 21-22, Navruz Holiday | May 18, Turkmenistan Constitution and State Flag Day | Date changes annually, Oraza Bayram | Date changes annually, Kurban Bayram | September 27, Independence Day | October 6, Memorial Day | December 12, Neutrality Day | December 12, Neutrality Day | Turkmen Horse Day (last Sunday in April) | Turkmen Carpet Day (last Sunday in May) | Day of the Turkmen Melon (2nd Sunday in August)
Language
The state language is Turkmen, which is a language from the family of Turkic languages. second most widely spoken language in the country is Russian., (a Slavic language).
Short conversations
| Phrase | Turkmen | Russian |
|---|---|---|
| Hello | Salam | Привет |
| How are you? | Nähili, gowumy? | Как дела? |
| What is your name? | Adyňyz näme? | Как вас зовут |
| My name is… | Meniñ adym... | Меня зовут... |
| Good-Bye | Hoş, sag bol | До свидания |
| Thank You! | Köp sag bol | Спасибо |
| Yes/No | Hawa/Ýok | Да/Нет |
| Where is the... (airport)? | (Aeroport)… nirede? | Где... (аэропорт)? |
| How much is it? | Näçeden? | Сколько это стоит |
| I don’t understand | Men düşünmedim | Я не понимаю |
| Excuse me | Bagyşlaň | Извините |
| Nice to meet you | Tanşanymyza örän şat | Было приятно познакомиться с вами |
Turkmenistan Border Crossings
International Border Crossing Points between Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan
| № | Name of Crossing Points in Turkmenistan | Location in Turkmenistan | Name of Crossing Points in Uzbekistan | Location in Uzbekistan | Operating time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Farap - highway | Lebal region Farap district |
Alat - highway | Buhara region Alat district |
Daylight |
| 2 | Dashoguz - highway | Dashoguz region. S. Niyazov district |
Shavat - highway | Khorezm region Shavat District |
09:00-18:00 |
| 3 | Kunya-Urgench - highway | Dashoguz region Kunya-Urgench district |
Khodjeily - highway | Republic of Karakalpakstan Khodjeyli district |
09:00-18:00 |
International Border Crossing Points between Turkmenistan and Iran
| № | Name of Crossing Points in Turkmenistan | Location in Turkmenistan | Name of Crossing Points in Iran | Location in Iran | Operating time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gaudan - highway | 32 km from Ashgabat | Badzhigiran - highway | Administrative center of Quchan, Iranian province |
09:00-18:00 |
| 2 | Serakhs - highway | Akhal region | Serakhs - highway | Khorasan Razavi province | 09:00-18:00 |
International Border Crossing Points between Turkmenistan and Afganistan
| № | Name of Crossing Points in Turkmenistan | Location in Turkmenistan | Name of Crossing Points in Afganistan | Location in Afganistan | Operating time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Serhetabat - highway | Mary region | Turgundi - highway | Herat province | 09:00-18:00 |
International Border Crossing Points between Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan
| № | Name of Crossing Points in Turkmenistan | Location in Turkmenistan | Name of Crossing Points in Kazakhstan | Location in Kazakhstan | Operating time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Garabogaz town | Balkan region | Temir Baba - highway | Mangistau region | 09:00-18:00 |
International Border Crossing Points between Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan
| № | Name of Crossing Points in the Republic of Turkmenistan | Location in Turkmenistan | Name of Crossing Points in Azerbaijan | Location in Azerbaijan | Operating time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turkmenbashi Seaport Border Crossing Point | Balkan region | Caspian regional maritime sea base | Baku, Bailov region | 09:00-18:00 |